Warsaw Jewish Heritage Tour

Warsaw. Nozyk Synagogue.

Built in the early twentieth century by the merchants marriage Zalman and Rywka Nozyk who fully paid for its construction 250,000 thousand rubles - was one of the 440 synagogues in Warsaw.

To this synagogue attended mostly wealthy Jews from the area, because the placed needed to be purchased.

For the cheapest places were paid 16 rubles for men and 8 rubles for women.

Price depended on the distance from the east wall.

For the poor Jews provided the opportunity to participate during the morning prayer, but only on days when prepare a double worship was possible.

In accordance with the wishes of the founders, in the synagogue still resound prayers mentioning dead Rywka and Zalman and at near street, at number 9 still standing survivor of the destruction of the Warsaw - ghetto Nozyk's tenement.

Warsaw. Monument to the Ghetto Heroes.

Built on the site of the start the fight by Jewish fighters during the uprising in the Warsaw Ghetto, when people led to the Umschlagplatz attacked German soldiers.

Monument in the center presents leader of the Jewish Fighting Organization - Mordechaj Anielewicza.

"What we have survived is beyond our boldest dreams. Germany twice escaped from the ghetto... (...) Know that revolver has no value. We almost did not use it. We need grenades, machine guns and explosive. (...) Only a few will persevere. The rest will be wiped out sooner or later. Fate is sealed. (...) The dream of my life came true. I live to see the Jewish self-defense in the Warsaw ghetto in all its splendor and grandeur."

(From the last letter of Anielewicz).

The monument is made of basalt from Swedish quarries.

Ordered by Germans as a material for the construction of monuments of victory, after the war, redeemed by Jewish organizations.

Warsaw. Ghetto wall.

Inside the walls were crowded and pressed whole Jewish city.

150 people per square meter.

8 Jews in one room.

Nearly half of million people in an area of 3 square kilometers.

Wall stretched for 16 kilometers. 3 meters high. With shattered glass at the top. Additionally, increased by another meter by barbed wire.

The only chance to defeat it was to make a tunnel. Hence, the best smugglers were children who pushed through underground burrows trying to deliver any food to the trapped city.

The average allocation of the food card for an adult inhabitant of the ghetto was 300 calories per day...

for comparison - the daily ration in Auschwitz was about 1,000 calories.

Warsaw. Monument on the Umschglaplatz  (in German - transfer square),

indicate the defunct railway ramp, which was the site of the deportation of Jews from the Warsaw ghetto to the Treblinka extermination camp.

Walled space relates in its shape to a rail wagon.

On the inner wall of the monument in alphabetical order - from Aba to Żanna - inscribed 400 popular before the war Polish and Jewish names.

One name commemorates 1,000 victims.

Over the gate placed a black board which looks like matzeva with a relief of shattered forest (broken tree symbolizes a violent death).
Contrasting with the white walls - black road with cobblestones, shows the last journey which had to cross Jews herded to a cattle wagons.

Deported from Warsaw daily average of 4,000 to 5,000 persons.

According to the timetable No. 548 of the General Directorate of the Eastern Railway, on the route Warsaw - Treblinka started running additional freight train.

It was substituted on Umschlagplatz approx. at 9 a.m. o'clock, left from the Gdańsk Station (located 500 meters from the Umschlagplatz) at 12.25 and arrived on schedule at Treblinka station at 4.20 p.m. (Treblinka is distant from Warsaw about 100 kilometers).